clickhouse单机安装及配置–Centos7

一、操作系统要求：

只要是Linux，64位都可以

rpm包下载地址：

https://repo.yandex.ru/clickhouse/rpm/stable/x86_64/

具体安装详情看官网：

https://clickhouse.tech/docs/zh/getting-started/install/#from-sources

CPU要求：

机器的CPU必须支持SSE 4.2指令集

检测机器的cpu是否支持：

检测命令：

grep -q sse4_2 /proc/cpuinfo && echo “SSE 4.2 supported” || echo “SSE 4.2 not supported”

二、离线安装部署单机版

1. 下载对应操作系统版本的ClickHouse对应版本的rpm包

clickhouse-client-21.4.5.46-2.noarch.rpm
clickhouse-common-static-21.4.5.46-2.x86_64.rpm
clickhouse-common-static-dbg-21.4.5.46-2.x86_64.rpm
clickhouse-server-21.4.5.46-2.noarch.rpm

ps：我用上述的rpm包在centos也可安装成功,所以具体怎么选自个选–>

Clickhouse官方并没有提供centos的rpm包,我们可以使Altinity公司所提供的rpm包

下载地址:https://packagecloud.io/Altinity/clickhouse

2. 配置Linux相关环境设置系统参数

2.1 CentOS取消打开文件数限制

#修改

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

在最后增加：

#增加：
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072

注意：

对于RedHat6.x/CENTOS 6.X系统，还需要将vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf文件中的1024修改为131072。

对于RedHat7.x/CENTOS 7.X系统，还需要将vi 录vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf文件中的4096修改为131072。

或者直接类似修改 /etc/security/limits.conf一样

2.2 CentOS取消SELINUX

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

#找到SELINUX修改：

SELINUX=disabled

2.3 关闭防火墙

#contos7:
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
firewall-cmd --state

#contos7以下:
service iptables stop
service iptables status
chkconfig iptables off(永久性生效，重启后不会复原)
#service iptables stop(即时生效，重启后复原)

2.4 安装ClickHouse相关依赖包

yum -y install expect
yum install -y perl perl-devel autoconf libaio libtool libicu
yum install -y *unixODBC*

3. sftp到安装部署的服务器安装部署

安装命令：

rpm -ivh clickhouse-\*

4. ClickHouse安装后的重要的目录解析

• /etc/clickhouse-server 服务配置文件目录，主要有config.xml，users.xml服务配置文件
• /etc/clickclient 客户端配置文件目录
• /var/lib/clickhouse 默认数据目录
• /var/log/clickhouse-server 日志目录
• /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server ClickHouse服务shell脚本文件
• /etc/security/limits.d/clickhouse.conf 最大文件打开数
• /etc/cron.d/clickhouse-server 定时服务配置
• /usr/bin 主程序可执行文件目录

5. 修改ClickHouse服务相关参数配置

vi /etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml

5.1 开放远程访问

#放开下面这项注释
<!-- Listen specified host. use :: (wildcard IPv6 address), if you want to accept connections both with IPv4 and IPv6 from everywhere. -->
 <listen_host>::</listen_host>

5.2 设置日志生成目录

<logger>
        <level>trace</level>
        <log>/data1/clickhouse/logs/clickhouse-server.log</log>
        <errorlog>/data1/clickhouse/logsr/clickhouse-server.err.log</errorlog>
        <size>1000M</size>
        <count>10</count>
</logger>

5.3 设置数据的目录

    <!-- Path to data directory, with trailing slash. -->
    <path>/data1/clickhouse/</path>

    <!-- Path to temporary data for processing hard queries. -->
    <tmp_path>/data1/clickhouse/tmp/</tmp_path>

    <!-- Policy from the <storage_configuration> for the temporary files.
         If not set <tmp_path> is used, otherwise <tmp_path> is ignored.

         Notes:
         - move_factor              is ignored
         - keep_free_space_bytes    is ignored
         - max_data_part_size_bytes is ignored
         - you must have exactly one volume in that policy
    -->
    <!-- <tmp_policy>tmp</tmp_policy> -->

    <!-- Directory with user provided files that are accessible by 'file' table function. -->
    <user_files_path>/data1/clickhouse/user_files/</user_files_path>

5.4 配置时间：

<timezone>Asia/Shanghai</timezone>

6. 启动：

指定配置文件：
nohup /usr/bin/clickhouse-server -C=/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml --pid-file=/etc/clickhouse-server/clickhouse-server.pid &

或者默认/etc/clickhouse-server/
systemctl start clickhouse-server.service

检查线程

ps -ef|grep click

7.验证客户端

配置完之后，便可使用如下命令访问该数据库。

clickhouse-client --host 127.0.0.1 --port 9000
clickhouse-client
clickhouse-client --host hostname --port 9000   

注意：以上命令中的某个可能会出现如下错误。

ClickHouse client version 20.4.1.1.
Connecting to localhost:9000 as user default.
Code: 210. DB::NetException: Connection refused (localhost:9000)

1. 如果检查节点端口未开放，则可能是clickhouse-server启动的错误。
2. 如果检查节点端口已经开放，则可能是–host后边加的参数的问题，试一下localhose、127.0.0.1等。

下面是成功访问：

[zhicheng@wydsj-gpapp04 ~]$ clickhouse-client --host 127.0.0.1 --port 9000
ClickHouse client version 21.4.5.46 (official build).
Connecting to 127.0.0.1:9000 as user default.
Connected to ClickHouse server version 21.4.5 revision 54447.

wydsj-gpapp04.novalocal :) select now();

SELECT now()

Query id: 937aaacc-fc74-42b8-8dce-b9577bce34b3

┌───────────────now()─┐
│ 2021-05-18 18:51:13 │
└─────────────────────┘

1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.010 sec. 

wydsj-gpapp04.novalocal :) 

8.设置默认账户密码

#用户相关配置在/etc/clickhouse-server/users.xml文件中设置
vi /etc/clickhouse-server/users.xml

#找到users >>default标签下面的password项，配置密码为123456
<password>123456</password>

# 重启服务

# 验证 ，替换具体IP
clickhouse-client -h 127.0.0.1 --port 9000  -u default --password "123456"
#出现一下说明配置成功
ClickHouse client version 21.4.5.46 (official build).
Connecting to 127.0.0.1:9000 as user default.
Connected to ClickHouse server version 21.4.5 revision 54447.

新增账户密码

vi /etc/clickhouse-server/users.xml

#找到users标签，在下面增加一下内容，用户名为test，配置密码为123456
<test>
    <password>123456</password>
    <networks incl="networks" replace="replace">
    <ip>::/0</ip>
    </networks>
    <profile>default</profile>
    <quota>default</quota>
</test>

三、常见问题

ClickHouse 启动报错Init script is already running，clickhouse-client报错Code: 210. DB::NetException: Connection refused (localhost:9000)

新安装的ClickHouse, 在启动时报错Init script is already running，执行clickhouse-client时报Code: 210. DB::NetException: Connection refused (localhost:9000)。在REdhat 7和之后的操作系统，需要用systemctl启动才可以。

[root@wydsj-gpapp04 ~]# /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
Init script is already running
[root@wydsj-gpapp04 ~]# clickhouse-client
ClickHouse client version 21.4.5.46 (official build).
Connecting to localhost:9000 as user default.
Code: 210. DB::NetException: Connection refused (localhost:9000)

解决：

如下用systemctl start clickhouse-server.service 后，查看status确认服务正常。用clickhouse-client可以正常登录执行SQL了。