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MySQL8二进制方式部署主从模式

系统及MySQL版本：

Centos7.5
MySQL 8.0.35

下载安装包

先去官网下载二进制安装包，进入官网下载页面 mysql下载页面，点击下载 5.7.34二进制64位版本

环境准备

1. 安装linux依赖包

查看安装文档

在下载页面上面有安装指南

翻译大概是，mysql依赖libaio这个library。如果没有安装，那么安装会失败。

安装命令：yum install libaio numactl ncurses-devel autoconf

2.删除自带的mariadb

#查找是否安装mariadb
rpm -qa|grep mariadb
#卸载mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

3.创建用户以及用户组

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

4.配置 ulimit

我们一般使用 mysql 用户启动数据库，如果不设置文件打开数和进程数，后期会有问题

打开 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件，在文件末尾写上

mysql     soft    nproc    65536
mysql     hard    nproc    65536
mysql     soft    nofile   131072
mysql     hard    nofile   131072

打开 /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf 把参数调整为

* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072

5.关闭 selinux

selinux 可能会造成无法写入数据，如果对它不熟悉，建议关掉

查看 selinux 状态

getenforce

临时关闭

setenforce 0

永久关闭

打开 /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=enforcing` 改为 `SELINUX=disabled

安装配置

配置mysql

上传文件，在当前目录解压

tar -xf mysql-8.0.35-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
mv mysql-8.0.35-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 mysql

将配置文件复制到 /etc/init.d 目录下

cp ./mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8

编辑移动后的配置文件

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld8

在配置文件中修改参数路径

basedir=/AppHome/mysql
datadir=/AppHome/mysql/data

创建my.cnf文件

/AppHome/mysql/my.cnf

master配置

[client]
port  = 8306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="\u@MySQL-01 \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
user  = mysql
port  = 8306
basedir = /AppHome/mysql
datadir = /AppHome/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file = /tmp/mysql-8306.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
server-id = 002
lower_case_table_names = 1
# 继续使用Mysql5.x的认证方式
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password
# 禁止域名解析
skip_name_resolve = 1
# 事务隔离级别
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

# 性能参数 #
open_files_limit  = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 20000
table_definition_cache = 20000
table_open_cache_instances = 64
# 每个连接线程被创建时，MySQL给它分配的内存大小
thread_stack = 512K
# 外部锁定
external-locking = FALSE
# 数据包的过程当中最大允许的数据包大小
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
#线程缓存中有多少空闲线程
thread_cache_size = 768
#内部内存临时表的最大值
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1

# log settings #
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /AppHome/mysql/logs/slow.log
log-error = /AppHome/mysql/logs/error.log
long_query_time = 5
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
log_bin = /AppHome/mysql/logbin/mybinlog
#log_bin_index = /AppHome/mysql/logbin/mybinlog.index


# innodb settings #
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2687M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_status_output = 0
innodb_status_output_locks = 0

# replication settings #
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 43200
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = on
log_slave_updates = 1
binlog_format = row
binlog_checksum = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
#不同步相关的库
replicate-ignore-db = mysql 
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
replicate-ignore-db = performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db = sys
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=sys

# other #
performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%=on'


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M

salve配置

上面配置的server-id = 001改为002

创建目录授权

mkdir -p /AppHome/mysql/data
mkdir -p /AppHome/mysql/logs
mkdir -p /AppHome/mysql/logbin

chown -R mysql:mysql /AppHome/mysql/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /AppHome/mysql/data/
chown -R mysql:mysql /AppHome/mysql/logs
chown -R mysql:mysql /AppHome/mysql/logbin
chown -R mysql:mysql /AppHome/mysql

初始化MySQL

/AppHome/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/AppHome/mysql --datadir=/AppHome/mysql/data/ --user=mysql --log-error=/AppHome/mysql/logs/error.log --lower-case-table-names=1

初始化SSL

可忽略执行

/AppHome/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/AppHome/mysql/data/ -S /tmp/mysql.sock

启动MySQL

/etc/init.d/mysqld8 start

命令行方式启动

/AppHome/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/AppHome/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &

查看MySQL进程

ps axu|grep mysql

部署MySQL主从

登录主节点，创建主从同步账号

CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '11111^';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
flush privileges;

登录主节点，查询binlog文件名与偏移量

show master status;

登录从节点，配置主节点信息

STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
 MASTER_HOST = '10.196.69.28',
 MASTER_USER = 'repl',
 MASTER_PORT = 8306,
 MASTER_PASSWORD = '11111^',
 MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mybinlog.000002',
 MASTER_LOG_POS = 2173;

在从服务器启动同步并查看状态

#开启同步
start slave;

#查看同步状态
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;

检查输出中的 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 字段，确保两个字段的值都是 Yes，表示主从复制已经成功配置。

修改root密码

默认root密码是空的

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

设置从库只读

确保主从复制已经正常配置并运行，主库和从库之间可以正常同步数据。在从库的配置文件中，添加以下配置项：

read_only = 1
super_read_only = 1

重启从库的 MySQL 服务，使配置项生效。/etc/init.d/mysql8 restart